The Parisian club has now won the prestigious cup on 14 different times.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the net early on.
However, the southern French side struck twice late to seize a shock lead. First, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital equaliser in the dying seconds to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for PSG to complete a convincing penalty win.
The record champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.